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The Islamic Movement Interactions within the Arab Uprisings: The impact of the Islamic movements interactions on thedemocratization process and the level of radicalization
Saad, Mohamed ; Salamon, Janusz (advisor) ; Esposito, John L (referee) ; Muhammad Mady, Abdel-Fattah (referee)
CHARLES UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES Institute of Political Studies Department of Political Science Dissertation Abstract The Islamist Movement Interactions within the Arab Uprisings The Impact of the Islamist Movements' Interactions on the Democratization Process and the Level of Radicalization Author: Mohamed Saad Supervisor: Janusz Salamon, Ph.D. Year of the defense: 2023 Abstract The Islamist movements played a socio-political role in many Arab and Middle Eastern countries. They provided social services and a resistance ideology, either for the West or local political regimes. They mobilized their supporters in a large social movement that crystallized the Islamic Ummah's relative deprivation and common grievances. In some cases, Islamism was used as a justification ideology to legitimize the ruling regime. Also, it has been used as an ideology to justify the use of radical and jihadist violence. The Islamism involvement in the Arab Spring raised the classic dilemma in a new shape, either to integrate the Islamists in an open political process; however, this integration may undermine democracy and individual rights in the long term, or to exclude the Islamists from the political life in a way that may encourage more Islamists to resort to violence to achieve their goals. The dissertation tests...
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The Anti-Roma Protests in the Czech Republic: A Radicalization Driver of the Romani Community?
Marcol, Michael ; Kocmanová, Markéta (advisor) ; Karásek, Tomáš (referee)
Why an ordinary citizen becomes radicalized and eventually resorts to political violence is a million-dollar question. There is an urgency to understand the process of radicalization and identify factors contributing to that process and elements preventing individuals from radicalizing. The 2008-2014 anti-Roma protests in the Czech Republic represented a traumatic experience for the Romani minority. Accordingly, radicalization of some of these community members could be a logical consequence of an immense threat posed by the protests and their social status as a marginalized group. However, there were no signs of cognitive or behavioral radicalization among the Romani during the protests. By analyzing the four pieces of the 'radicalization puzzle', i.e., grievances, ideologies, networks, enabling environments and support structures, the research attempts to assess whether the anti-Roma protests were a radicalization driver of the community. To answer the research questions, the research explores behavioral and emotional responses of the Romani community members, thus identifying the unique features of the Romani non-violent nature. The research employs an ethnographic case study as its methodological framework, making use of an extensive body of academic literature, open sources, and empirically...
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Motivating Factors for Radicalization in Balkan Muslim-Majority Countries
Vlk, Jonáš ; Aslan, Emil (advisor) ; Kuľková, Miroslava (referee)
The topic of religious radicalization in the Balkans is gaining attention among academia in recent years. However, motivational factors of radicalization in the region still remain rather under-researched. Furthermore, comprehensive research focusing particularly on the motivational factors of Islamist radicalization in the Muslim-majority countries of the Balkans - countries with a specific context and background unique in the wider Europe - hasn't been yet carried out. This paper thus elaborates on the motivational factors of radicalization in the Muslim-majority countries of the Balkans, which is Bosnia and Herzegovina, Albania and Kosovo, by applying generally-known factors of radicalization to this specific theatre. Predominantly secondary sources as well as documents issued by the OSCE which maintains field presence in all of the abovementioned countries are utilized in order to provide a thorough overview of motivational factors of radicalization in each of the selected countries. These are discussed respectively in corresponding chapters. Individual chapters are in dialogue with each other following the same methodology and structure, focusing on similar issues. A comprehensive overview of the motivational factors of radicalization in Balkan Muslim-majority countries is thus presented. Applying the...
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Radicalization of Prague Students in the 1930s
Müller, Jiří ; Spurný, Matěj (advisor) ; Míšková, Alena (referee)
This thesis deals with the transformation of social and political behavior of Prague students in the 1930's. The work follows the requirements and expectations of students. Their unfulfilled view reveals the dissatisfaction of students, which led to the escalation of student clear-cut political and social views. The thirties brought in a student movement onset of extreme nationalist, but also left-wing tendencies of both the Czech and the German side. The work is based on the documents of student faculty associations, the student journals and memoir texts. The aim is to analyze, against whom was directed the dissatisfaction of students, which ideas had students about the proper organization of the state and society, what were the differences in political and social thought between the faculties and student groups and how were students percieved by society. Work is also interested in what influence on stduents movement had the clash Czech, German and Jewish students in Prague. How was influenced the students thinking of their social status and how identified the individual student associations. The work aims to contribute to the completion of the image of interwar czechoslovak society.
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The Threat of the Islamic State Terrorism in the Middle East and Beyond
Imanov, Toghrul ; Ditrych, Ondřej (advisor) ; Riegl, Martin (referee)
Bibliographic note Author. ISIS: Terrorist state or terrorist organization . 65 p. Master thesis. Charles University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of International Economic and Political Studies. Supervisor. Abstract The thesis deals with the investigation of the terrorist activities run by the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS), an entity in the Middle East which is commonly referred to as a terrorist organization. By evaluating the activities run by ISIS in the seized territories, the organization of civil governance and public administration in them, the investigation of the propaganda model applied by ISIS for attracting new members from around the globe, and the analysis of the main sources of funding used by the Islamic State, the author proves that ISIS significantly differs from classical terrorist organizations, and therefore might be assigned the status of a terrorist state. Abstrakt Diplomová práce se zabývá. Keywords Insurgency, ISIS, Islamic State, propaganda, terrorism. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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German Salafi Jihadism: Radicalizing messages in the lectures of the German jihadi preacher Denis Cuspert
Křížková, Hana ; Aslan, Emil (advisor) ; Hokovský, Radko (referee)
The diploma thesis "Salafi Jihadism in Germany: Radicalizing Messages in Lectures of a German Jihadi Preacher Denis Cuspert" deals with the analysis of the internet video messages disseminated by Denis Cuspert - the most significant German-speaking Jihadi-Salafi leader, in terms of the radicalization potential that is spread through his lectures. The aim of the thesis is firstly to identify the basic radicalization formulas relevant for the given research, which are to be found in the models of radicalization. In the analytical part, these radicalization categories will be applied to the argumentation strategies present in the lectures of Denis Cuspert. In order to analyse the given messages, a qualitative content analysis along with a framework analysis will be used. In connection with aims of the thesis, the framework analysis appears to be a fitting method, as it focuses on the issue of communication in terms of its mobilization potential, with an emphasis on the strategic use of language. This method can therefore be a good indicator of the extent to which the statements succeed in addressing the sympathizers of the movement and making them act. In addition to the analysis of the radicalization messages, the thesis also deals with the character and dynamics of the German Salafi movement, with...
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Central Asian Foreign Fighters in Syria
Nováková, Sabina ; Bureš, Oldřich (advisor) ; Záhora, Jakub (referee)
This thesis deals with the phenomenon of Central Asian foreign fighters in Syria, 2011- 2017. It analyzes their radicalization, recruitment, and travel patterns. Special emphasis is placed on tracking the home states' responses, including elements of de-radicalization and counter-radicalization. The thesis has found that there is arguably no single factor explaining the Central Asian fighters' radicalization; nor is there a typical profile of a Central Asian fighter. Available data suggest that radicalization and extremist recruitment most often occur in Russia. Furthermore, the analysis of travel patterns has shown that the majority of Central Asian fighters traveled to Syria either indirectly via multiple countries (again, most often Russia) or directly from their country of origin, and then crossed the border from Turkey. The thesis concludes that all five Central Asian states have adopted policies to address the perceived security threat of returning foreign fighters, whereas the hard, restrictive and punitive approach has been prevalent all across the region.
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Sociological and Theological Causes of Formation of the Faith Church
Halasová, Tereza ; Hošek, Pavel (advisor) ; Vojtíšek, Zdeněk (referee)
The purpose of my thesis is to analyse sociological and theological reasons for formation of the Faith Church and also clarify the doctrinal difference from The Christian Fellowship Church in the Czech Republic. This thesis consists of four chapters. The first chapter presents the general characteristics of The Pentecostal movement and classifies The Christian Fellowship Church in the Czech Republic and The Church of Faith as a specific christian stream and movement. The second chapter focuses on historical context and circumstances in which The Church of Faith emerges and describes the ground for departure of this part of the church from their original organization Christian Fellowship Church in the Czech Republic. The next chapter deals with specific theological base of The Church of Faith, especially in the field of ecclesiology and namely perception of the authority in the church, demonology and anthropology, the importance of healing in the context of soteriology and characteristic concept of eschatology. The fourth chapter deals with the state registration process of the Christian Fellowship Church in the Slovak republic which gave the way to the start of the Church of Faith. It also deals with the difference between legal position of the new religious movements in the Czech and Slovak society.
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Terrorism from the perspective of public policy
Batko, Martin ; Cejp, Martin (advisor) ; Knobloch, František (referee)
Area of interest regarding this master thesis is the fight against terrorism at European Union level. The work then aims to analyze how effective the EU institutions in the fight against terrorism, Europol, Eurojust and the CTC, are. The first part focuses on the issue of terrorism itself, by the help of comparative analysis and data analysis the possible root causes of terrorism and issues regarding radicalization are discussed. The second part is devoted to the actual effectiveness of the main EU institutions in the fight against terrorism and consequently to the security threat associated with the issue of foreign fighters that became a priority agenda within the EU counterterrorism. These sections has also been prepared on the basis of empirical research since semi-standardized interviews with experts in this field were conducted. It was investigated, that the EU institutions in the fight against terrorism have several weaknesses, and there are several limits in their fight against terrorism. Conversely, in the context of foreign fighters the EU has managed to adopt several concrete and directed measures.
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